{"id":92,"date":"2026-03-22T17:15:12","date_gmt":"2026-03-22T09:15:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/codergodv.xyz\/?p=92"},"modified":"2026-03-22T17:16:04","modified_gmt":"2026-03-22T09:16:04","slug":"c11-%e5%8f%b3%e5%80%bc%e5%bc%95%e7%94%a8%e5%92%8c%e7%a7%bb%e5%8a%a8%e8%af%ad%e4%b9%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/codergodv.xyz\/index.php\/2026\/03\/22\/c11-%e5%8f%b3%e5%80%bc%e5%bc%95%e7%94%a8%e5%92%8c%e7%a7%bb%e5%8a%a8%e8%af%ad%e4%b9%89\/","title":{"rendered":"C++11 \u2014\u2014\u2014 \u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u8bed\u4e49"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5de6\u503c vs \u53f3\u503c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5de6\u503c\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5de6\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u6216\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5de6\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u53d6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff08const\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u9664\u5916\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5de6\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u53f3\u8fb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684p\u3001b\u3001c\u3001*p\u90fd\u662f\u5de6\u503c\n    int* p = new int(0);\n    int b = 1;\n    const int c = 2;\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u53f3\u503c\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u5b57\u6bcd\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff08\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u53f3\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u53d6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53f3\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u53f3\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    double x = 1.1, y = 2.2;\n\n    \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u53f3\u503c\n    10;\n    x + y;\n    fmin(x, y);\n\n    \/\/\u9519\u8bef\u793a\u4f8b\uff08\u53f3\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\uff09\n    \/\/10 = 1;\n    \/\/x + y = 1;\n    \/\/fmin(x, y) = 1;\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u53f3\u503c\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u5e38\u91cf\u503c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u768410\u5c31\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\u503c\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0fx+y\u548c\u51fd\u6570fmin\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u53eb\u505a\u53f3\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5e38\u91cf\u503c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u50a8\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53f3\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u53d6\u5730\u5740\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u8d77\u6765\u540e\u624d\u6709\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4f20\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f20\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62f7\u8d1d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5de6\u503c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982string\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684 <code>[]<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>namespace cl\n{\n    \/\/\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0string\u7c7b\n    class string\n    {\n    public:\n        \/\/&#91;]\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\uff08\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\uff09\n        char&amp; operator&#91;](size_t i)\n        {\n            assert(i &lt; _size); \/\/\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0b\u6807\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\n            return _str&#91;i]; \/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b57\u7b26\n        }\n        \/\/...\n    private:\n        char* _str;       \/\/\u5b58\u50a8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n        size_t _size;     \/\/\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6709\u6548\u957f\u5ea6\n        \/\/...\n    };\n}\nint main()\n{\n    cl::string s(\"hello\");\n    s&#91;3] = 'x';    \/\/\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5916\u90e8\u4fee\u6539\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>[]<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u5916\u90e8\u5bf9\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de6\u503c\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728string\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684_str\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u53d6\u5230\u5730\u5740\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528 vs \u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u7684C++\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u800cC++11\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c06C++11\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u8fd8\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u90fd\u662f\u7ed9\u5bf9\u8c61\u53d6\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5de6\u503c\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u7ed9\u5de6\u503c\u53d6\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u201c&amp;\u201d\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684p\u3001b\u3001c\u3001*p\u90fd\u662f\u5de6\u503c\n    int* p = new int(0);\n    int b = 1;\n    const int c = 2;\n\n    \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0a\u9762\u5de6\u503c\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\n    int*&amp; rp = p;\n    int&amp; rb = b;\n    const int&amp; rc = c;\n    int&amp; pvalue = *p;\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u7ed9\u53f3\u503c\u53d6\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u201c&amp;&amp;\u201d\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    double x = 1.1, y = 2.2;\n\n    \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u53f3\u503c\n    10;\n    x + y;\n    fmin(x, y);\n\n    \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\n    int&amp;&amp; rr1 = 10;\n    double&amp;&amp; rr2 = x + y;\n    double rr3 = fmin(x, y);\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53f3\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\u5730\u5740\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ed9\u53f3\u503c\u53d6\u522b\u540d\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u53f3\u503c\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53f3\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u53d6\u5230\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba9\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u53f3\u503c\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528const\u4fee\u9970\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    double x = 1.1, y = 2.2;\n    int&amp;&amp; rr1 = 10;\n    const double&amp;&amp; rr2 = x + y;\n\n    rr1 = 20;\n    rr2 = 5.5; \/\/\u62a5\u9519\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u53f3\u503c\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6d89\u53ca\u6743\u9650\u653e\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53f3\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f46\u662fconst\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aconst\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64const\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u5de6\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u53f3\u503c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>template&lt;class T&gt;\nvoid func(const T&amp; val)\n{\n    cout &lt;&lt; val &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\nint main()\n{\n    string s(\"hello\");\n    func(s);       \/\/s\u4e3a\u5de6\u503c\n\n    func(\"world\"); \/\/\"world\"\u4e3a\u53f3\u503c\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u53ea\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f46\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528move\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>move\u51fd\u6570\u662fC++11\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u88abmove\u540e\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u80fd\u591f\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    int a = 10;\n\n    \/\/int&amp;&amp; r1 = a;     \/\/\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u5de6\u503c\n    int&amp;&amp; r2 = move(a); \/\/\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528move\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5de6\u503c\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u867d\u7136const\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u65e2\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u5de6\u503c\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7ec8\u7a76\u5b58\u5728\u77ed\u677f\uff0c\u800cC++11\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u77ed\u677f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u7684string\u7c7b\u3002\u7c7b\u5f53\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5728string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5f53\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>namespace cl\n{\n    class string\n    {\n    public:\n        typedef char* iterator;\n        iterator begin()\n        {\n            return _str; \/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5730\u5740\n        }\n        iterator end()\n        {\n            return _str + _size; \/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5730\u5740\n        }\n        \/\/\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n        string(const char* str = \"\")\n        {\n            _size = strlen(str); \/\/\u521d\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5927\u5c0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\n            _capacity = _size; \/\/\u521d\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bb9\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\n            _str = new char&#91;_capacity + 1]; \/\/\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f00\u8f9f\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u591a\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e'\\0'\uff09\n            strcpy(_str, str); \/\/\u5c06C\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5df2\u5f00\u597d\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\n        }\n        \/\/\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6570\u636e\n        void swap(string&amp; s)\n        {\n            \/\/\u8c03\u7528\u5e93\u91cc\u7684swap\n            ::swap(_str, s._str); \/\/\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684C\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n            ::swap(_size, s._size); \/\/\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\n            ::swap(_capacity, s._capacity); \/\/\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\n        }\n        \/\/\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u73b0\u4ee3\u5199\u6cd5\uff09\n        string(const string&amp; s)\n            :_str(nullptr)\n            , _size(0)\n            , _capacity(0)\n        {\n            cout &lt;&lt; \"string(const string&amp; s) -- \u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n\n            string tmp(s._str); \/\/\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2aC\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e3as._str\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\n            swap(tmp); \/\/\u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\n        }\n        \/\/\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\uff08\u73b0\u4ee3\u5199\u6cd5\uff09\n        string&amp; operator=(const string&amp; s)\n        {\n            cout &lt;&lt; \"string&amp; operator=(const string&amp; s) -- \u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n\n            string tmp(s); \/\/\u7528s\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u5bf9\u8c61tmp\n            swap(tmp); \/\/\u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\n            return *this; \/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u503c\uff08\u652f\u6301\u8fde\u7eed\u8d4b\u503c\uff09\n        }\n        \/\/\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\n        ~string()\n        {\n            delete&#91;] _str;  \/\/\u91ca\u653e_str\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\n            _str = nullptr; \/\/\u53ca\u65f6\u7f6e\u7a7a\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\n            _size = 0;      \/\/\u5927\u5c0f\u7f6e0\n            _capacity = 0;  \/\/\u5bb9\u91cf\u7f6e0\n        }\n        \/\/&#91;]\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\n        char&amp; operator&#91;](size_t i)\n        {\n            assert(i &lt; _size); \/\/\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0b\u6807\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\n            return _str&#91;i]; \/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b57\u7b26\n        }\n        \/\/\u6539\u53d8\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u53d8\n        void reserve(size_t n)\n        {\n            if (n &gt; _capacity) \/\/\u5f53n\u5927\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f53\u524d\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\u624d\u9700\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\n            {\n                char* tmp = new char&#91;n + 1]; \/\/\u591a\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e'\\0'\n                strncpy(tmp, _str, _size + 1); \/\/\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u539f\u672c\u7684C\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62f7\u8d1d\u8fc7\u6765\uff08\u5305\u62ec'\\0'\uff09\n                delete&#91;] _str; \/\/\u91ca\u653e\u5bf9\u8c61\u539f\u672c\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\n                _str = tmp; \/\/\u5c06\u65b0\u5f00\u8f9f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4ea4\u7ed9_str\n                _capacity = n; \/\/\u5bb9\u91cf\u8ddf\u7740\u6539\u53d8\n            }\n        }\n        \/\/\u5c3e\u63d2\u5b57\u7b26\n        void push_back(char ch)\n        {\n            if (_size == _capacity) \/\/\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u589e\u5bb9\n            {\n                reserve(_capacity == 0 ? 4 : _capacity * 2); \/\/\u5c06\u5bb9\u91cf\u6269\u5927\u4e3a\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u500d\n            }\n            _str&#91;_size] = ch; \/\/\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u5c3e\u63d2\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n            _str&#91;_size + 1] = '\\0'; \/\/\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u540e\u9762\u653e\u4e0a'\\0'\n            _size++; \/\/\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u52a0\u4e00\n        }\n        \/\/+=\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\n        string&amp; operator+=(char ch)\n        {\n            push_back(ch); \/\/\u5c3e\u63d2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n            return *this; \/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u503c\uff08\u652f\u6301\u8fde\u7eed+=\uff09\n        }\n        \/\/\u8fd4\u56deC\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n        const char* c_str()const\n        {\n            return _str;\n        }\n    private:\n        char* _str;\n        size_t _size;\n        size_t _capacity;\n    };\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8bf4\u660e\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u77ed\u677f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u505a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4f20\u53c2\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u505a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u5bf9\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>void func1(cl::string s)\n{}\nvoid func2(const cl::string&amp; s)\n{}\nint main()\n{\n    cl::string s(\"hello world\");\n    func1(s);  \/\/\u503c\u4f20\u53c2\n    func2(s);  \/\/\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u53c2\n\n    s += 'X';  \/\/\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0\u662fstring\u7c7b\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u4e86\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u503c\u4f20\u53c2\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u4e86string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3astring\u7684 <code>+=<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd4\u56de <code>+=<\/code> \u540e\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5c06 <code>+=<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u6539\u4e3a\u4f20\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u662f\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u91cc\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u8d77\u5230\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u77ed\u677f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u907f\u514d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u505a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u907f\u514d\u4f20\u53c2\u65f6\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u505a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u907f\u514d\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u51fa\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5c31\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u4f20\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u77ed\u677f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2aint\u7248\u672c\u7684to_string\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2ato_string\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3ato_string\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>namespace cl\n{\n    cl::string to_string(int value)\n    {\n        bool flag = true;\n        if (value &lt; 0)\n        {\n            flag = false;\n            value = 0 - value;\n        }\n        cl::string str;\n        while (value &gt; 0)\n        {\n            int x = value % 10;\n            value \/= 10;\n            str += (x + '0');\n        }\n        if (flag == false)\n        {\n            str += '-';\n        }\n        std::reverse(str.begin(), str.end());\n        return str;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u8c03\u7528to_string\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    cl::string s = cl::to_string(1234);\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>C++11\u63d0\u51fa\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77ed\u677f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5c06\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u8bed\u4e49<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u8bed\u53e5\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684string\u7c7b\u589e\u52a0\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7a83\u53d6\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u5360\u4e3a\u5df1\u6709\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u53eb\u505a\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7a83\u53d6\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u6784\u9020\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684string\u7c7b\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u8981\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8c03\u7528swap\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7a83\u53d6\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5f97\u77e5\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6761\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>namespace cl\n{\n    class string\n    {\n    public:\n        \/\/\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\n        string(string&amp;&amp; s)\n            :_str(nullptr)\n            , _size(0)\n            , _capacity(0)\n        {\n            cout &lt;&lt; \"string(string&amp;&amp; s) -- \u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n            swap(s);\n        }\n    private:\n        char* _str;\n        size_t _size;\n        size_t _capacity;\n    };\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u548c\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u589e\u52a0\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662fconst\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u8bba\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u5de6\u503c\u8fd8\u662f\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u589e\u52a0\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u6700\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u505a\u7684\u662f\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u800c\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528swap\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u6bd4\u8c03\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ed9string\u7c7b\u589e\u52a0\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5c40\u90e8string\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fd9\u7c7b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u8fd4\u56destring\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u4e86\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    cl::string s = cl::to_string(1234);\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u867d\u7136to_string\u5f53\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5c40\u90e8string\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de6\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5string\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u5c31\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5373\u5c06\u88ab\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u503c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u5c06\u4ea1\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u533f\u540d\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u5c06\u4ea1\u503c\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u65e2\u7136\u201c\u5c06\u4ea1\u503c\u201d\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5c31\u8981\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5982\u628a\u5b83\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5728\u8bc6\u522b\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5c06\u4ea1\u503c\u201d\u65f6\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u5230\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u505a\u7684\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u5c40\u90e8\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u5bf9\u8c61\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u6536\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.codergodv.xyz\/0_1.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\">)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5728C++11\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u7c7b\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e24\u6b21\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u90fd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fde\u7eed\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u573a\u666f\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f18\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.codergodv.xyz\/0_2.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\">)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u6309\u9053\u7406\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728C++11\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e94\u8be5\u8c03\u7528\u4e24\u6b21string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f18\u5316\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\uff08\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f18\u5316\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728C++11\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f18\u5316\u4ecd\u7136\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f18\u5316\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e94\u8be5\u8c03\u7528\u4e24\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5c40\u90e8string\u5bf9\u8c61\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u6784\u9020\u63a5\u6536\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u800c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f18\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd9\u4e24\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u5c31\u88ab\u4f18\u5316\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5c40\u90e8string\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u79fb\u52a8\u7ed9\u4e86\u63a5\u6536\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cC++11\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u7b97\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4f18\u5316\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u4e24\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u8fdb\u884c\u4e24\u6b21\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6765\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u63a5\u6536\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.codergodv.xyz\/0_3.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\">)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5c40\u90e8\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u5bf9\u8c61\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u63a5\u6536\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728C++11\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u7c7b\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u6b21\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u7c7b\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4f46\u5728\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165C++11\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u7c7b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5c40\u90e8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u53ea\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u800c\u4e0d\u63a5\u6536\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u63a5\u4e0d\u63a5\u6536\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u7b97\u4e0d\u63a5\u6536\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u751f\u6210\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u4e5f\u662f\u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7a83\u53d6\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u5360\u4e3a\u5df1\u6709\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u53eb\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7a83\u53d6\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684string\u7c7b\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u8981\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8c03\u7528swap\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7a83\u53d6\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5f97\u77e5\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6761\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>namespace cl\n{\n    class string\n    {\n    public:\n        \/\/\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\n        string&amp; operator=(string&amp;&amp; s)\n        {\n            cout &lt;&lt; \"string&amp; operator=(string&amp;&amp; s) -- \u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n            swap(s);\n            return *this;\n        }\n    private:\n        char* _str;\n        size_t _size;\n        size_t _capacity;\n    };\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u548c\u539f\u6709 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u589e\u52a0\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u539f\u6709 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662fconst\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u8bba\u8d4b\u503c\u65f6\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u5de6\u503c\u8fd8\u662f\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u539f\u6709\u7684 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u589e\u52a0\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u8d4b\u503c\u65f6\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u6700\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>string\u539f\u6709\u7684 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u505a\u7684\u662f\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u800c\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528swap\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u6bd4\u8c03\u7528\u539f\u6709 <code>operator=<\/code> \u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u7ed9string\u589e\u52a0\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc7\u7684string\u5bf9\u8c61\u53bb\u63a5\u6536to_string\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    cl::string s;\n    \/\/...\n    s = cl::to_string(1234);\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u65f6\u5f53to_string\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5c40\u90e8\u7684string\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u5c06\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u6536\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u867d\u7136\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8981\u505a\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8be5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u539f\u6709\u7684 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u539f\u6709 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\u590d\u7528\u4e86\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u591a\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6b21\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u539f\u6709 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>STL\u4e2d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>C++11\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cSTL\u4e2d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u90fd\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u521a\u8bf4\u7684string\u7c7b\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662fstring\u7c7b\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\uff1a<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.codergodv.xyz\/0_4.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\">)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662fstring\u7c7b\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.codergodv.xyz\/0_5.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\">)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u5de6\u503c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u5de6\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7528\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de6\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7move\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5de6\u503c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53f3\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>move\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5177\u6709\u8ff7\u60d1\u6027\uff0cmove\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u9645\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u642c\u79fb\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de6\u503c\u5f3a\u5236\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u8bed\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>move\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>template&lt;class _Ty&gt;\ninline typename remove_reference&lt;_Ty&gt;::type&amp;&amp; move(_Ty&amp;&amp; _Arg) _NOEXCEPT\n{\n    \/\/forward _Arg as movable\n    return ((typename remove_reference&lt;_Ty&gt;::type&amp;&amp;)_Arg);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>move\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d_Arg\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4e07\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u8ddf\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u9700\u8981\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de6\u503c\u88abmove\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u88ab\u8f6c\u79fb\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u614e\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u88abmove\u540e\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>C++11\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cSTL\u4e2d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u9664\u4e86\u589e\u52a0\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cSTL\u5bb9\u5668\u63d2\u5165\u63a5\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5list\u5bb9\u5668\u7684push_back\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<br><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.codergodv.xyz\/0_6.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\">)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63d2\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679clist\u5bb9\u5668\u5f53\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662fstring\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8c03\u7528push_back\u5411list\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u63d2\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    list&lt;cl::string&gt; lt;\n    cl::string s(\"1111\");\n\n    lt.push_back(s); \/\/\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\n\n    lt.push_back(\"2222\");             \/\/\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\n    lt.push_back(cl::string(\"3333\")); \/\/\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\n    lt.push_back(std::move(s));       \/\/\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>list\u5bb9\u5668\u7684push_back\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8be5\u7ed3\u70b9\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u53cc\u94fe\u8868\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5728C++11\u4e4b\u524dlist\u5bb9\u5668\u7684push_back\u63a5\u53e3\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728push_back\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6784\u9020\u7ed3\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de6\u503c\u53ea\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u5230string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u800c\u5728C++11\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cstring\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14list\u5bb9\u5668\u7684push_back\u63a5\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u5165push_back\u51fd\u6570\u7684string\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728push_back\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6784\u9020\u7ed3\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53f3\u503c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u5230string\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u5230push_back\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5728push_back\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u800c\u63d2\u5165\u540e\u9762\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u5230push_back\u7684\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5728push_back\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e07\u80fd\u5f15\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u7684&amp;&amp;\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u65e2\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u5de6\u503c\u53c8\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u53f3\u503c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>template&lt;class T&gt;\nvoid PerfectForward(T&amp;&amp; t)\n{\n    \/\/...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u4e07\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u9700\u8981\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e07\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4f20\u5165\u5b9e\u53c2\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u63a8\u5bfc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u5b9e\u53c2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de6\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5f62\u53c2t\u5c31\u662f\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u5b9e\u53c2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5f62\u53c2t\u5c31\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u91cd\u8f7d\u4e86\u56db\u4e2aFunc\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2aFunc\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u3001const\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u3001\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u548cconst\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528PerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u5206\u522b\u4f20\u5165\u5de6\u503c\u3001\u53f3\u503c\u3001const\u5de6\u503c\u548cconst\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u5728PerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u518d\u8c03\u7528Func\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>void Func(int&amp; x)\n{\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\nvoid Func(const int&amp; x)\n{\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"const \u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\nvoid Func(int&amp;&amp; x)\n{\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\nvoid Func(const int&amp;&amp; x)\n{\n    cout &lt;&lt; \"const \u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\" &lt;&lt; endl;\n}\ntemplate&lt;class T&gt;\nvoid PerfectForward(T&amp;&amp; t)\n{\n    Func(t);\n}\nint main()\n{\n    int a = 10;\n    PerfectForward(a);       \/\/\u5de6\u503c\n    PerfectForward(move(a)); \/\/\u53f3\u503c\n\n    const int b = 20;\n    PerfectForward(b);       \/\/const \u5de6\u503c\n    PerfectForward(move(b)); \/\/const \u53f3\u503c\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8ePerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u5de6\u503c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u5728PerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Func\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u8c03\u7528PerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u4f20\u5165\u5de6\u503c\u3001\u53f3\u503c\u3001const\u5de6\u503c\u3001const\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7248\u672c\u7684Func\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u8c03\u7528PerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u4f20\u5165\u5de6\u503c\u548c\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u5339\u914d\u5230\u4e86\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684Func\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8c03\u7528PerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u4f20\u5165const\u5de6\u503c\u548cconst\u53f3\u503c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u5339\u914d\u5230\u4e86const\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684Func\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u53f3\u503c\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u540e\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u53f3\u503c\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53f3\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u53d6\u5230\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728PerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Func\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u4f1a\u5c06t\u8bc6\u522b\u6210\u5de6\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53f3\u503c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u540e\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u4f1a\u9000\u5316\u6210\u5de6\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u4fdd\u6301\u503c\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u60f3\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4f20\u53c2\u65f6\u8c03\u7528forward\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>template&lt;class T&gt;\nvoid PerfectForward(T&amp;&amp; t)\n{\n    Func(std::forward&lt;T&gt;(t));\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u8c03\u7528PerfectForward\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u5230\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684Func\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662fconst\u53f3\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u5230const\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684Func\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u7684list\u7c7b\uff0c\u7c7b\u5f53\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u548c\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u548cinsert\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>namespace cl\n{\n    template&lt;class T&gt;\n    struct ListNode\n    {\n        T _data;\n        ListNode* _next = nullptr;\n        ListNode* _prev = nullptr;\n    };\n    template&lt;class T&gt;\n    class list\n    {\n        typedef ListNode&lt;T&gt; node;\n    public:\n        \/\/\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\n        list()\n        {\n            _head = new node;\n            _head-&gt;_next = _head;\n            _head-&gt;_prev = _head;\n        }\n        \/\/\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\n        void push_back(const T&amp; x)\n        {\n            insert(_head, x);\n        }\n        \/\/\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\n        void push_back(T&amp;&amp; x)\n        {\n            insert(_head, std::forward&lt;T&gt;(x)); \/\/\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\n        }\n        \/\/\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684insert\n        void insert(node* pos, const T&amp; x)\n        {\n            node* prev = pos-&gt;_prev;\n            node* newnode = new node;\n            newnode-&gt;_data = x;\n\n            prev-&gt;_next = newnode;\n            newnode-&gt;_prev = prev;\n            newnode-&gt;_next = pos;\n            pos-&gt;_prev = newnode;\n        }\n        \/\/\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684insert\n        void insert(node* pos, T&amp;&amp; x)\n        {\n            node* prev = pos-&gt;_prev;\n            node* newnode = new node;\n            newnode-&gt;_data = std::forward&lt;T&gt;(x); \/\/\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\n\n            prev-&gt;_next = newnode;\n            newnode-&gt;_prev = prev;\n            newnode-&gt;_next = pos;\n            pos-&gt;_prev = newnode;\n        }\n    private:\n        node* _head; \/\/\u6307\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\n    };\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2alist\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0clist\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684string\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5206\u522b\u4f20\u5165\u5de6\u503c\u548c\u53f3\u503c\u8c03\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int main()\n{\n    cl::list&lt;cl::string&gt; lt;\n    cl::string s(\"1111\"); \n    lt.push_back(s);      \/\/\u8c03\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\n\n    lt.push_back(\"2222\"); \/\/\u8c03\u7528\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u51fd\u6570\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528string\u539f\u6709\u7684 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u800c\u8c03\u7528\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u51fd\u6570\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0push_back\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u590d\u7528\u4e86insert\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528insert\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u8c03\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684insert\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u5728insert\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u4f1a\u5148new\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u8be5\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528string\u539f\u6709\u7684 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528insert\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684insert\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684insert\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5148new\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u53f3\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u8be5\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u548c\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u53f3\u503c\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u53f3\u503c\u5c5e\u6027\u5c31\u9000\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5728\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528insert\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684insert\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u539f\u6709\u7684 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528insert\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u4fdd\u6301\u53f3\u503c\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684insert\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7528\u53f3\u503c\u7ed9\u65b0\u7ed3\u70b9\u8d4b\u503c\u65f6\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u5de6\u503c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6700\u7ec8\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u539f\u6709\u7684 <code>operator=<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u60f3\u4fdd\u6301\u53f3\u503c\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u53f3\u503c\u4f20\u53c2\u65f6\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645STL\u5e93\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5b8c\u7f8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u53f3\u503c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/strong> \u4ee3\u7801\u4e2dpush_back\u548cinsert\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570 <code>T&amp;&amp;<\/code> \u662f\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e07\u80fd\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728list\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5c31\u88ab\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u8c03\u7528push_back\u548cinsert\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u6570 <code>T&amp;&amp;<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684 <code>T<\/code> \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u8c03\u7528push_back\u548cinsert\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u5bfc\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u4e0eSTL\u4e2d\u7684list\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u521a\u624d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684list\u6362\u6210STL\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684list\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8c03\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u63d2\u5165\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u6784\u9020\u7ed3\u70b9\u65f6\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8c03\u7528\u53f3\u503c\u5f15\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684push_back\u63d2\u5165\u7ed3\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u6784\u9020\u7ed3\u70b9\u65f6\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528string\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684list\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5374\u4e0d\u662fstring\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u548c\u79fb\u52a8\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u5e94\u662fstring\u539f\u6709\u7684 <code>operator=<\/code> 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